Robot Linear Actuators

Converting potential energy into mechanical energy is a hot field of study in science. Actuators are the devices that scientists study that convert different forms of energy into mechanical energy or motion. Not only are actuators a hot topic of study in robotics, but they also have benefits in medicine as well. Scientists believe that the more they can improve on actuators, the more it will benefit all of mankind.

The method in which a linear actuator works is that there is a motor that rotates a drive screw using a synchronous timing belt drive. There are some linear actuators can also use a worm gear or direct drive. Whatever the type of linear actuator, the turning of the screw pushes a drive nut along the screw, which then pushes the rod out. Spinning the screw in the opposite direction will retract the rod. The drive screw is either an ACME or ball thread or is belt-driven which is what gives the machine its motion. A cover over the screw protects the screw nut from environmental elements and contamination thereby allowing for the machines use continually without the chance of it getting gummed up. Thrust bearings allow the screw to turn freely under loaded conditions and gives the linear actuator its strength.

Linear actuators usually serve as part of motion control systems. These days most are run by computers. Control systems, a device that you find linear actuators in, move or control objects. This is made possible by the actuators.

Different forms of energy or energy sources can be used to power an actuator. The most common types of energy used are: hydraulic, mechanical, electrical, and pneumatic. Actuators are most commonly found in the robotics and industrial robotics industry.

Whatever type of actuator you use, it will depend on the required motion you seek. By far and away the most popular type of actuator used is for linear or straight line motion. You also have a few options available when purchasing an actuator. You have stroke length which is the amount of linear motion you get per revolution and also the load rating which is how heavy the object that you are going to move can be. Also you should keep in mind the amount of space an actuator will require. You can also buy a programmable actuator which allows you to program various operational efficiencies of your actuators.

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